Immigration and Scotland’s Demographics

Such figures offer valuable insight into the irregular nature of Scotland’s demographics.

A major driving force behind Scotland’s dwindling working-age population is its birth rate, which is one of the lowest in the developed world.

This results in the average age of the domestic population being higher than that of comparative countries, something that can have a profoundly negative effect on the economy. Those of pension age are less economically active and often dependent on some form of social support. Not only this, but a small working-age population stunts economic growth by creating labour shortages, meaning that some sectors of the economy have insufficient numbers of workers to function effectively.

A simple way of remedying this situation is by increasing levels of immigration. However, levels of immigration into Scotland– which are already lower than England- have dropped dramatically in recent years. In addition, net migration from the EU to the UK is set to fall dramatically in the near future. This is largely due to the impact of Brexit, but evden if the UK had remained in the EU, Scotland’s demographic situation would necessitate greater levels of immigration.

A major driving force behind Scotland’s dwindling working-age population is its birth rate, which is one of the lowest in the developed world.

It is for this reason that the David Hume Institute asserts that Scotland should be given greater control over immigration policy. The report states that part of the solution will come from future technological change and enabling more people of working-age to enter the labour market. But irrespective of this, immigration must still be a priority. Certain sectors of the Scottish economy are dependent on foreign workers, such as the retail and leisure sectors. With already low levels of immigration set to fall even further, sectors such as these are set to experience severe difficulties.

Page Contents

• Overview
• What does the report suggest should be done to address the situation?

1. The Scottish Government should be given greater powers over attracting and selecting immigrants in to the country. This will enable the low working-age population to be addressed, as foreign nationals are on average younger than the domestic population. Furthermore, it will enable skilled migrants to be selected in accordance with the industries that are experiencing particularly acute labour shortages.
2. A closer working relationship between the Scottish and UK Governments should be encouraged. There is a further recommendation for Scots living abroad, including in other parts of the UK to return home.
3. The Canadian method of delegating control over immigration policy should be looked at. Canada gives individual provinces the ability to control immigration depending on their economic needs.

Certain sectors of the Scottish economy are dependent on foreign workers, such as the leisure and retail sectors.

Jane-Frances Kelly, the director of the David Hume Institute, said ‘We are sounding a warning signal for Scotland’s politicians and policymakers.’

“We need to get to grips with the coming demographic crisis or Scotland’s economy will be severely affected.”

The report’s findings were well received by Europe and Migration Minister Ben Macpherson:

“It is very welcome that the David Hume Institute report recognises the need for Scotland to be able to set its own migration policy.”